Fast bi-directional Base64 transformer. Convert standard and UTF-8 Unicode text into Base64 encoded strings, or decode Base64 payloads back to readable plain text with URL-safe mode support.
Base64 is a binary-to-text encoding scheme that represents binary data in an ASCII string format by translating it into a radix-64 representation.
Uses `TextEncoder`/`TextDecoder` and `btoa`/`atob` with UTF-8 byte stream handlers to ensure international character safety.
Standard Base64 uses `+` and `/` with `=` padding, while Base64URL uses `-` and `_` with no padding, making it safe for URLs and filenames.